A pump, a bottle, and a glass of water beside an armchair

Using a breast pump, the basics

The manual, clean hands, comfort, and when to ask for help.

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Read the manual first

The FDA says it is a good idea to read through the entire instruction manual before using your pump for the first time. It says the manual can help you learn to assemble and use the pump, and should include the maker's contact information.

Clean hands, clean kit

The CDC says to wash your hands well with soap and water for 20 seconds before each use. It says to inspect the pump kit and tubing, and to discard and replace moldy tubing immediately.

Settings and suction

The FDA says that on an electric or battery-powered pump, start at the lowest suction or speed setting, then adjust until you find one that is comfortable for you. Your manual lists the settings for your pump.

Comfort and fit

The FDA says your nipple should fit comfortably in the center of the breast shield opening. It says the first few times you pump may feel uncomfortable, but pumping should not be painful.

After pumping

The FDA says to label the bottle or bag with the date and time of pumping before you store it. The CDC says to place it right away in a refrigerator, freezer, or cooler bag with ice packs.

Who can help

We give no pumping schedules or milk supply advice. The FDA says a qualified health professional, such as a certified lactation consultant, can help determine the best pumping method for you, and that the amount of milk produced is different for everyone.

Sources: FDA, Using a Breast Pump (2018); FDA, Injury and Infection (2018); CDC, How to Clean and Sanitize Breast Pumps (2024); FDA, Breast Pumps (2018).

FAQ

How often should I pump?

We do not give schedules or supply advice. Ask your doctor, a lactation consultant, or your baby's pediatrician.

What if my pump leaks?

The FDA says to stop, check that the pump is assembled correctly, and call the maker's customer service line if it keeps leaking.

General information only, not medical advice. For questions about pumping, breastfeeding, milk supply, or feeding your baby, talk to your doctor, midwife, or lactation consultant, or your baby's pediatrician. Follow the maker's instructions for your pump and its parts. The FDA says that if you are injured while using a breast pump or have pain, contact your health care provider. In an emergency, call 911.

One clear breast shield on its connector, standing on grey textured linen

Breast pump flange fit, explained

What fit means, and who can help.

A breast shield, a bottle, and four small pump parts on a white paper towel

Cleaning breast pump parts

After every use.

Bottles and storage bags of milk at the back of a refrigerator shelf

Storing breast milk

Countertop, fridge, freezer.

Next: flange fit